**Question:** What is the significance of the COP26 summit held in Glasgow in 2021?
**Answer:** The COP26 summit in Glasgow aimed to strengthen global climate action and finalize the implementation guidelines of the Paris Agreement. Key outcomes included commitments to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and financial pledges to support climate adaptation and mitigation efforts in developing countries.
**Explanation:** COP26 brought together world leaders, negotiators, and stakeholders to address pressing climate challenges, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to climate impacts, and supporting vulnerable communities. The summit emphasized the urgency of taking decisive action to combat climate change.
**Question:** What is the objective of the Global Biodiversity Framework post-2020?
**Answer:** The objective of the Global Biodiversity Framework is to halt biodiversity loss and restore ecosystems by 2030. It aims to promote sustainable use of biodiversity, ensure equitable benefits sharing, and mainstream biodiversity considerations across sectors.
**Explanation:** Adopted under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the framework sets ambitious targets to protect ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity. It encourages countries to integrate biodiversity conservation into national policies, strategies, and development plans.
**Question:** How does renewable energy contribute to mitigating climate change?
**Answer:** Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2). They reduce reliance on fossil fuels, which are major contributors to global warming.
**Explanation:** By transitioning to renewable energy, countries can lower their carbon footprint, improve air quality, and enhance energy security. Renewable energy technologies also support sustainable development by creating jobs, stimulating economic growth, and fostering innovation in clean energy solutions.
**Question:** What are the principles of a circular economy?
**Answer:** A circular economy aims to minimize waste and maximize resource efficiency by designing out waste and pollution, keeping products and materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. It promotes reuse, recycling, and sustainable consumption practices.
**Explanation:** By adopting circular economy principles, businesses and governments can reduce environmental impact, conserve natural resources, and create a more resilient and sustainable economy. Circular approaches help mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with resource extraction, manufacturing, and waste disposal.
**Question:** How does marine pollution impact ocean health?
**Answer:** Marine pollution, including plastic waste, oil spills, and chemical pollutants, poses significant threats to ocean health and biodiversity. It harms marine species, disrupts ecosystems, and contaminates seafood, affecting human health and livelihoods.
**Explanation:** Addressing marine pollution is crucial for safeguarding marine ecosystems, maintaining fisheries, and preserving coastal communities' well-being. Effective measures include reducing plastic use, improving waste management, and promoting international cooperation to protect marine environments.